一起来看一个Zabbix与RRDtool绘图篇之用ZabbixAPI取监控数据技巧文章，希望下文可以帮助到各位。
经过一个星期的死磕，Zabbix取数据和RRDtool绘图都弄清楚了，做第一运维平台的时候绘图取数据是直接从Zabbix的数据库取的，显得有点笨拙，不过借此也了解了Zabbix数据库结构还是有不少的收获。
学习Zabbix的API官方文档少不了，官方文档地址链接https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/ 大家选择对应的版本就好了，不过2.0版本的API手册位置有点特别开始我还以为没有，后来找到了如下https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.0/manual/appendix/api/api 用ZabbixAPI取监控数据的思路大致是这样的，先获取所有监控的主机，再遍历每台主机获取每台主机的所有图形，最后获取每张图形每个监控对象(item)的最新的监控数据或者一定时间范围的数据。 下面按照上面的思路就一段一段的贴出我的程序代码：
1、登录Zabbix获取通信token
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
import json
import urllib2
import sys
##########################
class Zabbix:
def __init__(self):
self.url = ":xxxxx/api_jsonrpc.php"
self.header = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
self.authID = self.user_login()
def user_login(self):
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "user.login",
"params": {"user": "用户名", "password": "密码"},
"id": 0})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key,self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
print "Auth Failed, Please Check Your Name And Password:",e.code
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
authID = response['result']
return authID
##################通用请求处理函数####################
def get_data(self,data,hostip=""):
request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key,self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
print 'We failed to reach a server.'
print 'Reason: ', e.reason
elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
print 'Error code: ', e.code
return 0
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
return response
2、获取所有主机
#####################################################################
#获取所有主机和对应的hostid
def hostsid_get(self):
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "host.get",
"params": { "output":["hostid","status","host"]},
"auth": self.authID,
"id": 1})
res = self.get_data(data)['result']
#可以返回完整信息
#return res
hostsid = []
if (res != 0) and (len(res) != 0):
for host in res:
if host['status'] == '1':
hostsid.append({host['host']:host['hostid']})
elif host['status'] == '0':
hostsid.append({host['host']:host['hostid']})
else:
pass
return hostsid
返回的结果是一个列表，每个元素是一个字典，字典的key代表主机名，value代表hostid
3、获取每台主机的每张图形
###################################################################
#查找一台主机的所有图形和图形id
def hostgraph_get(self, hostname):
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "host.get",
"params": { "selectGraphs": ["graphid","name"],
"filter": {"host": hostname}},
"auth": self.authID,
"id": 1})
res = self.get_data(data)['result']
#可以返回完整信息rs,含有hostid
return res[0]['graphs']
注意传入的参数是主机名而不是主机id，结果也是由字典组成的列表。
4、获取每张图的监控对象item
#可以返回完整信息rs,含有hostid
tmp = res[0]['items']
items = []
for value in tmp:
if '$' in value['name']:
name0 = value['key_'].split('[')[1].split(']')[0].replace(',', '')
name1 = value['name'].split()
if 'CPU' in name1:
name1.pop(-2)
name1.insert(1,name0)
else:
name1.pop()
name1.append(name0)
name = ' '.join(name1)
tmpitems = {'itemid':value['itemid'],'delay':value['delay'],'units':value['units'],'name':name,'value_type':value['value_type'],
'lastclock':value['lastclock'],'lastvalue':value['lastvalue']}
else:
tmpitems = {'itemid':value['itemid'],'delay':value['delay'],'units':value['units'],'name':value['name'],'value_type':value['value_type'],
'lastclock':value['lastclock'],'lastvalue':value['lastvalue']}
items.append(tmpitems)
return items